高三英语第十四单元Roots (根)教学教案
科目 英语
年级 高三
文件 high3 unit14.doc
标题 Roots (根)
章节 第十四单元
关键词 高三英语第十四单元
内容
一、教法建议
【抛砖引玉】
在本单元，同学们通过阅读课文“Journey into the unknown”和“Roots”，可以了解18 – 19世纪白人捕捉和贩运黑人作奴隶及虐待他们的罪恶历史。
About “Roots”
“Roots” is a well-known novel written by an American author — Alex Haley , which was a best seller in the USA in the 1970s . “Roots ”is mainly about Haley’s family history , which covers seven generations’ history . In order to find out how his ancestors got to America , Haley did a lot of research and traveled around the USA and Africa looking for information about his ancestors . At last , in Gambia he got to find his roots — Kunta and a group of the blacks who were caught and sold to America as slaves about 200 years ago .
The novel also describes what his ancestors suffered from during the journey to the USA . “Roots” was published in 1976 and Haley won the Pulitzer Prize in 1977 . Also he became world-famous .
单元双基学习目标
Ⅰ. 词汇学习
四会单词和词组：reason (v .) , roll over , give out
三会单词和词组：in chains , daylight , from generation to generation , worthwhile
Ⅱ. 交际英语
expressing wishes , hope and desire
1. I wish to do … / I am going to do …
2. I want / hope / would like to … ; I intend / mean / plan to do …
3. I would do it if I had the chance .
4. If only I could do …
5. I wish I could do …/ I wish I had …/ I wish I were …
6. I wish you every success .
7. Good luck !
8. I feel like doing sth
9. I’m ready to do …
10. I would rather not tell you .
11. I have been looking forward to doing …
12. I’ve always dreamed of …
13. So do I .
Ⅲ. 语法学习
在本单元，同学们将对it的用法作以系统归纳，并具体理解高考中对it的测试热点。
【指点迷津】
单元重点词汇点拨
1. reason vi . 评理；劝说；推断为；说服
I reasoned that he was lying . 我断定他在撒谎。
〖点拨〗reason sb into doing = persuade sb into doing = persuade sb to do说服某人干……。reason sb out of说服某人不干……。
另外要注意当reason作名词时常用于：The reason (why) … is that …。the reason for sth和 the reason to do sth是“……的理由。”
The reason (why) he got ill was that he didn’t pay attention to his health .
The reason why we don’t trust him is that he has often lied .
2. worthwhile值得的 ；值得花费时间和金钱的
She was offered a worthwhile job .
〖点拨〗It is worthwhile + to do (或者 –ing ) 。如：It’s worthwhile visiting the museum . = It is worthwhile to visit the museum .
注意下面的“值得”表达：be worth doing ; be worthy of being done = be worthy to be done 。
如：The article is worthy of careful study . = The article is worthy of being studied carefully . = The article is worthy to be studied carefully . = The article is worth studying .
单元词组思维运用
1. roll over翻滚
The boys rolled over on the snow . How fun it was !
2. give out分发
All the new textbooks have been given out .
注意：give out还作“发出，放出；发表；精疲力竭；耗尽”。如：
The news was given out this morning .
The teacher’s patience at last gave out .
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His strength gave out soon .
3. be born a free man生来是一个自由人
4．be in chains戴着镣铐
put sb in chains给某人戴上手铐脚镣
5. be fixed to被固定到……
Will you please make sure the button has been fixed to the board ?
6. be in pain疼痛
7. cry softly to oneself独自轻声哭泣
8. be hit on the head被击在头部
When the thief tried to escape , a woman hit him on the head behind him .
9. reason with sb与某人理论
10. What was to become of them all ? = What would happen to them all ?
11. Worst was to come . 更糟糕的事要发生。
12. run the length of the ship从船的这一头延伸到另一头
13. fall sick with fever因发烧而病到
14. cry out for sth叫喊要某物；哭着要；恳求
Don’t take any notice of Johnny ; he cries out for nothing .
注意：cry out against大声疾呼反对。cry out大声呼喊。如：
The woman in the water cried out “Help !”
The people cried out against the unfair decision of the court .
15. once in a while偶尔，有时候
We go for a picnic in the park once in a while .
Once in a while the dog would run away , but usually he stayed in the yard .
16. open wide开大，睁大
What’s wrong with you ? First , Open you mouth wide , please . Let me take a look at your tongue and throat .
17. in daylight在阳光中
注意：at daylight黎明时。before daylight黎明前。
18. chain / tie sb up = put sb in chains把某人铐起来
19. on one’s arrival某人一到达
On his arrival he set about correcting the compositions .
20. make copies of抄写
21. pass down传下来；传送；传递；遗传
The skill has been passed down over four generations .
22. from generation to generation一代一代地
注意：from one generation to another = generation after generation = from generation to generation
23. go back over centuries追溯几个世纪以前
24. come to a sad part讲述一段伤心的事情
25. play the role of扮演……的角色
He is good at playing the part of Maozedong
二、学海导航
【学法指要】
单元难点疑点思路明晰
1. Born a free man，he was now in chains . 他生来就是个自由人，现在却戴上了镣铐。
〖明晰〗(1) Born a free man为过去分词短语作状语，相当于一个让步状语从句的省略。完整句子为：Although he was born a free man . 再如：Beaten black and blue，he didn\'t go down on his knees . 虽然被打得遍体鳞伤，他仍不屈膝投降。
(2) in chains / irons 戴着镣铐；在囚禁中。如：
He was in chains and disgrace . 他被囚而受辱。
All the murderers in chains will soon be sentenced to death . 所有戴着镣铐的凶手很快就要被判处死刑。
已学过的由“in ＋ 名词的复数”的介词短语如：
in pairs 成双地 / in circles 围成圆圈形 / in tears 哭着
One man had a head wound and was in pain . 一个人头部受伤，非常疼痛。
had a head wound＝be wounded in the head
in pain 疼痛难忍。已学过的由“ in ＋ 名词的单数”的介词短语， 如： in public公开地 /in silence无声地 / in battle 在战斗中…
2. What was to become of them all，he wondered .他感到纳闷，他们的下场将会怎样呢？
〖明晰〗(1) become of (人或事物的)结果是；使遭遇。如：What will become of her now that her husband has died ? 她丈夫一死，真不知她的遭遇将如何。
What has become of the book I put here yesterday ?我昨天放在这儿的书哪去啦？
(2) he wondered 置于句尾作插入语，意思是“他想知道”。
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3. Worse was to come.更糟的事就要发生了。
〖明晰〗worse adj. (bad的比较级)更坏的、更差的、更恶化的。常用句式有：to make the matter worse (＝and what is worse 或worse than all更糟的是。worse在本课作名词“更坏的事”，如：I have worse to tell. 我还有更坏的事要说。 Worse cannot happen.事情不可能更坏了。
4. They had rough weather, and Kunta\'s back bled from rolling over on the hard wooden boards . 途中天气非常恶劣，由于在硬木板上滚来滚去，昆塔的背流出了血。
〖明晰〗(1) bled 是动词bleed(流血)的过去式。如：His wound bled freely.他的伤口大量出血。/ He is bleeding like crazy from the stomach.她腹部流血不止。
(2) roll over从(边)上滚下；翻转；滚翻。如：
The policeman rolled the body over to look for the missing gun . 警察把尸体翻过来寻找失踪的手枪。
I had to hear Beethoven before I could ask him to roll over . 我得先听一下贝多芬曲，才能请他把唱片翻过来。
5. The moment he reached the country , he started his search . 他一到那个国 家，就开始寻找。
〖明晰〗the moment (instant , hour , time , minute) 以及directly, immediately, 都可用来引导时间状语从句，译作“一……就”，相当于as soon as.
如：(SEFC B2 L59) The young lady rushed into the room immediately she heard the noise . 那少女一听到响声，就冲进房间里。
6. All the stories of families, heroes, wars and journeys are passed down from generation to generation . 所有家族、英雄、战争以及旅行的故事都是一代代地传下来的。
〖明晰〗(1) pass down＝hand down流传；遗传；传递。如：
The special technique has been passed down over four generations . 那种技术已传了四代。
(SEFC B3 L10) customs and memories were handed down by the elders of the race . 传统习俗以及记忆中的人和物，被这个种族的年长者传了下来。
In poor families , clothes may be passed down from one child to the next . 在穷苦人家，一个小孩穿过的衣服会留给另一个年龄小的穿。
(2) from generation to generation 一代一代，世世代代(＝generation after generation.)
7. A few people in each group are given the task of remembering the group\'s family history that goes back over centuries . 每一个部落中有几个人，他们的任务是记住这个部落追溯到几百年前的家族史。
〖明晰〗(1) go back to (＝date from, trace back to )；追溯，返回到。如：
His family goes back to the time of Norman Conquest . 他的家族可追溯至诺曼底人征服英国的时代。
She found her pocketbook when she went back to the store . 她回到店里找到了她的钱包。
(2) over centuries 在几百年中。over可表“在……期间；到……过完”。 如：(SEFC B3 L27) They had been built over period of six centuries up until 1431 . 他们都是在1431年以前长达六个世纪期间建成的。
over several decades 在几十年中 / stay over Sunday呆过星期天 / work over night 通宵工作。
8. seize , take , grasp , arrest
〖明晰〗(1) seize“抓住”有猛然抓住并不脱手之意。如：
The policeman seized the thief by the collar. 那个警察抓着小偷的衣领不放。
(2) take“抓住”，属一般用语。如：
He took his girl friend by the arm. 他抓着女友的胳膊。
(3) grasp“抓住，抓紧；抱住；理解，领会”。如：
Grasp the rope and I\'ll pull you up. 抓住绳子，我就拉你上来。
I didn\'t quite grasp your meaning. 我不太理解你的意思。
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(4) arrest 侧重于“逮捕；扣留；防止。”如：
He was arrested in suspicion of having murdered the girl . 他因有谋害少女的嫌疑而被捕。
This newly developed drug has arrested his cancer . 这种新药已控制住了他的癌症。
9 . make up one\'s mind, decide, determine
〖明晰〗(1) make up one\'s mind“决心；认定”，后接不定式或that从句，mind随人称而变化。如：
We\'ve made up our minds to devote our lives to serving the people heart and soul . 我们决心把全部生命用于全心全意地为人民服务。
The crop is ruined, so we must make up our minds to that . 庄稼损坏了，我们必须承认那个事实。
(2) decide 指经过考虑或讨论研究作出决定，后接不定式
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