高三英语第十六单元Social and personal（社会与个人）

科目 英语
年级 高三
文件　high3 unit16.doc
标题 Social and personal（社会与个人）
章节 第十六单元
关键词 高三英语第十六单元
内容
一、教法建议
【抛砖引玉】
通过本单元的学习，同学们可以了解西方国家兼职工作的由来，了解处理人际关系的重要性和向他人寻求心理咨询的必要性。
单元双基学习目标
Ⅰ. 词汇学习
四会单词和词组：preparation , affect , show sb around , so long as ,
三会单词和词组：have a gift for , easy-going , fun-loving , tourism , workmate
Ⅱ. 交际英语
Apologies , regrets and responses
1. I’m sorry …
2. I apologize …
3. Please excuse me …
4. I’m afraid …
5. I shouldn’t …
6. I ought to do …
7. What a shame !
8. That’s nothing . / Never mind . / It’s not important . / It doesn’t matter . / That’s all right . / That’s OK .
9. Don’t worry .
10. Forget it .
Ⅲ. 语法学习
复习被动语态的用法。注意现在完成时、现在进行时、一般过去时、一般将来时的被动语态。另外要特别留心情态动词的被动语态、系动词的被动语态、词组中介词与被动语态以及不用被动语态的词组，如：belong to , break out等。
【指点迷津】
单元重点词汇点拨
1. preparation准备，预备
I did little preparation for the examination .
〖点拨〗注意词组make preparations for（为……做好准备）中的preparation要用复数。
They are busy in making preparations for an international medical conference .
in preparation for作为……的准备
She bought a new coat in preparation for winter .
prepare for为……做准备
We must prepare for the party .
be prepared to do准备好地干……。乐意干…… 。prepare sb for = prepare sb to do让某人做好……准备。如：
I prepared him for the bad news .
We’ll prepare her to face the difficulty .
2. affect对……影响，发生作用
The noise from the street affected our work .
The disease is beginning to affect her eyesight .
Does the amount of rain affect the growth of crops ?
The story affected us deeply .
注意：effect结果，效果。have an effect on / upon对……有效。
3. easy-going随和的；轻松的
You’d better make yourself easy-going .
单元词组思维运用
1. take a part-time job干临时工
take a fuu-time job全班工
2. be on one’s / the way to a lecture在去听报告的途中
注意：on one’s / the way to doing即将
He is on the way to becoming a doctor .
3. ask sb for directions = ask sb the way问路
4. go in the direction of朝……方向去
I saw her go in the direction of the bus stop .
5. have a gift for对……有天赋
As far as I know , she has a gift for music .
6. make … lively and interesting
You are supposed to make your speech lively and interesting , which is of great importance .
7. at lunchtime在中饭时
注意类似词组：at dawn在黎明时，at supper在吃晚饭时，at work在上班，等。
8. start one’s own business开始经营自己的行业
9. offer guide services to tourists向游客们提供导游服务
10. lead / live an active life生活活泼
To my great disappointment , he didn’t lead an active life .
11. in a difficult position = in trouble碰到麻烦
12. have nothing to lose不会有任何情况
13. catch sb stealing当场抓住某人偷东西
Later , the salesgirl was caught stealing the goods .
14. in my personal opinion在我个人看来
15. play a trick on作弄某人
It’s impolite for them to play tricks on the foreigners .
16. call in the police叫来警察
17. turn out better结果会更好些
18. set up a company建立一个公司
19. warn sb about / of sth提醒某人当心…… 。warn sb against sth = warn sb not to do sth 。
20. in the course of 在……期间
He fell sick in the course of the discussion .
21. write a reply to sb = write a letter of reply to sb给某人回信
22. have a great / happy weekend= have a good time at weekend过个非常愉快的周末
二、学海导航
【学法指要】
单元难点疑点思路明晰
1. He was on his way to a lecture, … 他正在去听讲座的路上。
〖明晰〗 on one’s/the way在路上，走向；在进行中。on one’s/the way home ( there , abroad)在回家（去那儿，回国）的途中，on one’s/the way to one’s home在回某人家的途中， on one’s/the way to do在去干…的途中，on one’s/the way to doing即将实现……。如：
On the way home he thought over many things . 在回家途中他考虑了很多事情。
He is well on the way to becoming a fine engineer. 他快要成为一个优秀的工程师了。/ The patient is on his way to recovery . 病人在复元中。
2. … and Fred discovered that he had a gift for making a visit interesting and lively . 弗雷德发现自己具有一种使观光既有趣又生动的天赋。
〖明晰〗(1) have a gift for (= have a good head for)有……的才能，有鉴别力，有天才。 如：
He had no gift for making polite conversation at parties . 他生来不善于在集会上讲应酬话。
(2) 形容词interesting and lively作making的宾语补足语。以-ly结尾的单词有些是形容词，不是副词。如：lovely可爱的，friendly友好的，orderly 井井有条的， comradely 同志般的， lively 生动活泼的， motherly 母亲般的， monthly每月的，likely可能的，deadly致命的，lonely偏僻的，寂寞的，silly傻的，daily每月的。
3. In the evenings he studied hard for his exams, and most mornings he took tourists around Oxford . 晚上他努力学习为考试作准备，而大多数上午他带领游人参观牛津大学。
〖明晰〗(1) evening , morning , afternoon , Sunday等用复数形式可作副词，含有每逢这些时间之意。如：
He studied days and worked evenings .他白天学习，晚上工作。
I never get up early on Sundays . 每逢星期天我从不起早。
(SEFC B 3 L62) It’s a part-time job, so I only work evenings . 这是份计时工，所以我只是晚上干。
(2) take sb around＝ show sb around / over , round引导某人参观。
If you are free at two o’clock on Friday, I shall be delighted to take you around this ice-free port . 如果你星期五下午两点钟有空，我将乐意带你参观这个不冻港。
4.This is one example of a part-time job leading to greater things . 这个例子说明了计时工能导致更大的事业。
〖明晰〗lead to导致；通向。如：
His carelessness led to the accident . 他的粗枝大业导致了这次事故。
I suggest she take that path leading to the temple . 我建议她走通向寺院的那条路。
5. Generally you will have a greater chance of finding a suitable job if you have done some part-time jobs . 一般来说，如果你做过一些计时工， 那么你找到一份合适工作的机会就多。
〖明晰〗(1) generally ＝in general＝generally speaking一般来讲。
(2) 已学过由chance构成的词组有：have a/no chance of doing有(无) 机会干， have a greater chance of doing有干……更大的机会，give a chance to do给某人一次机会，lose no chance for不放松，抓紧，by chance偶然，无意中，by any chance万一，碰巧。
(3) 由if引导的条件状语从句中用现在完成时表示，强调从句中的动作提前完成。如：
If you have learned English , you’ll find it a bridge to so much knowledge . 当你学会了英语之后，你就会发现它是通向如此丰富知识的桥梁。
If he has taken two pills of medicine , he will feel much better soon . 假如他服了两片药丸后，很快就会感觉好些。
6. I’ve got a problem and as I don’t know what to do I thought I’d write to you and ask for your advice . 我有一个问题，由于我不知道该怎么办，所以我想我还是给你写信，向你请教。
〖明晰〗(1) what to do为“疑问词＋to do”可在句中作主语、宾语、表语。如：
(SEFC B 3 L22) How to get rid of waste is a great problem for the world today . 如何去除废物是当今世界的一大问题。（作主语）
We wondered when to set sail . 我们不知道何时起航。（作宾语）
(2) I thought在句中作插入语。
(3) advice常用于如下搭配中：ask for one’s advice征求某人的建议 / follow (take) one’s advice采纳某人的建议 / refuse one’s advice on 拒绝某人在… 的建议 / act on / upon one’s advice听从某人的劝告/ act against one’s advice
不顾某人的建议/a useful piece(bit, word) of advice to sb对某人的一个有益的劝告/give sb some advice on……给某人在……一些建议。
7. I think I’m in a difficult position . 我觉得我的处境很麻烦。
〖明晰〗in a difficult position / situation ＝ in trouble.处于不幸（苦恼、困境）中。如：
He is always ready to help anyone who is in a difficult position . 他总是乐于帮助有困难的人。
8. show sb around (round , over) , take sb around , visit, pay a visit to , be on a visit to , make visits to , look around , go sight-seeing
〖明晰〗(1) show sb around (round, over)=take sb around(round, over)领着某人参观。 如：
we’ll be shown around the supermarket in a minute . 马上就领我们去参观一下那个超级市场。
(2) visit , pay a visit to , be on a visit to的后面可跟人，也可跟某地。 单独使用visit还可作“视察、巡视”之意。
She will pay a visit to Europe . 将对欧洲进行访问。
Restaurant and hotel kitchens are visited regularly by public health inspectors . 餐馆及旅馆的厨房定期由公共卫生官员检察。
on a visit to参观，拜访(表达状态或作定语)，make visits to经常拜访。如：
She has been on a visit to our province for a week . 她已对我省进行了五天的访问。
(3) look around/round观光，游览； 掉头环顾。如：
Do we have time to look around the town before lunch ? 我们中饭前有时间在城里游览一下吗 ?
(4) sight-seeing n. adj. 观光游览的。如：a sight seeing bus 旅游车。
9. lively , lovely , living , live , life , alive
〖明晰〗 (1) lively adj.“活泼的，生动的，栩栩如生的”，可作表语定语和宾补，既可指人，也可指物。如：
I feel that everything here is lively . 我觉得这儿的一切都富有生气。
(2) lovely adj.可爱的；秀美动人的。如：
It was lovely to hear from you again . 收到你的来信真让人高兴!
(3) live v.生活， adj. 活的， 实况转播的（常作某物的定语），life是live的名词形式。
We’re living a happy life . 我们过着幸福的生活。
He bought scores of live fish last week . 上周他买了不少的活鱼。
We watched the football match on live television . 我们看了电视实况转播的足球赛。
(4) alive “活着的，存在的”，常作表语或补语。既可用于人，也可用于物，作定语时常后置。如：
If she is alive, she is the happiest woman alive . 她若活着，她是世界上最幸福的人。
(5) living “活着的，有生命的”。常作前置定语。如：
the greatest living painter 还活在人间的最伟大的画家 / There’re no living things on the moon . 月球上没有生物。
另外，living除作现在分词、形容词外，还可作名词“生活、生涯、生计”等， 多用于句型：make / earn a / one’s living by + ing以干……谋生。
10. affect , effect , result
〖明晰〗(1)affect v. 影响，作用（指经常暗示某种变化， 对象是人时可指思想上感情上的变 化）。如：
The economic crisis has seriously affected the country’s exports . 经济危机严重地影响了该国的出口。
The sight affected her to tears . 此情景使她感动得流泪。
(2) effect n. 影响，效果。如：
It had an almost immediate effect on his thinking . 那件事对他的思维有近乎直接的影响。
This medicine has no effect upon her disease . 这种药对他的病没有作用。
(3) result结果；效果；成果。如：
In my judgment certain factors affecting the result have been overlooked . 照我看来，某些影响效果的因素被忽略了。
11. link , connect , join , combine , unite
〖明晰〗(1) link联接；联系（指不同事物间的联系）。常用be linked with与……有联系
The interest of his is linked with that of the country . 他的利益同国家的利益联系在一起。
(2) connect的语气没有combine强，表一种事物与其他事物的关系。常用 be connected with与……相联接。如：
They are connected with Chen’s family by their niece’s marriage . 他们和陈家只不过因侄女的婚姻有亲戚关系。
Some films combine education with recreation . 有些电影能容教育于娱乐之中。
(3) join连接（是指把分离的两者连接在一起）。常用join up接好，join…to 把……与……相联接。如：Please join the wires up . 请把电线接好。
(4) unite联合（强调二者

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